Assignment criminology - Free Essay Example

Social crime prevention methods focus more on influencing the fundamental socio-economic causes of crime instead of the physical environment (Grant, 2014, p. 3). The Kings Cross shootings that received a lot of media coverage from print media to online media would have been barred using social crime prevention methods like community and developmental crime prevention. The public, angry with the police for how they handled the kids, responded to the incident in several ways but little was said about what could have been done differently or how such a crime could have been prevented (Ralston Tovey, 2012, n.p). Such an incident, much like other juvenile misdemeanors, could have been prevented had the community been exposed to an appropriate and effective crime prevention strategy. To begin with, developmental crime prevention, which has become common in Australia, would have been effective in intervening early in the 14-year-old driver’s life since he had been known to the police since he was eight years old. The early intervention of the 14-year-old boy’s life would aim at addressing the risk factors while enhancing protective factors that affect his likelihood to engage in crime in the future. The risk factors can be grouped as individual and family factors, educational framework, societal, and cultural factors (Aic.gov.au, 2015, n.p). Therefore, an early intervention into the 14-year-old delinquent would have identified the likely risk factor in the child’s life and addressed it. Linda Burney, the Deputy Opposition Leader, who happens to be Aboriginal, claimed that the main question in the whole matter was how a 14-year-old boy came to drive a car at four in the morning accompanied by five other people (Davies, Ralston Tovey, 2012, n.p ). This gives a clear indication of the absence of parental guidance and input of the society in raising the boy. Furthermore, Linda pointed out that social problems such as poverty and destitution were a likely cause together with the lack of, or the nature of the parental and societal responsibility. The crime could have also been prevented using community development methods, which involve the modification of the physical and societal setting of communities to impact the actions of the people living there (Shoham, Knepper Kett, 2010, p. 526). The risk of getting involved or becoming a victim of crime in the communities experiencing higher levels of social segregation or less cohesion is high. The five people that were involved in the crime ranged from the age of 13 years to 24 years thereby representing the youth of the area especially the aboriginal people. This indicates that the community had not done much to empower the youth and educate them about crime (Gridneff, 2012, n.p). Besides, while issuing her statement, Linda Burney noted that she was concerned about the future of the younger Aboriginal individuals who had been detached from either the school system or their culture. From Linda’s statement, it seems that the community of Redfern had also not done much in helping the youth stay away from crime by promoting crime prevention initiatives for the youth. Moreover, twenty extra police officers had been deployed at Kings Cross when the crime occurred in anticipation of an outbreak of biker-gang violence. This as well indicates that crime in the area is high, showing that the community and the government had not done much to deal with potential wrongdoers (Gridneff, 2012, n.p). The communities of Redfern and Kings Cross should thus enact a Youth Crime Prevention Policy Forum that is aimed at improving the participation of the youth in the crime prevention initiatives and enhancing the coordination of the youth programs (Halstead, 1991, p.74). Moreover, the two communities can design and implement plans to address the youth safety challenges such the presence of biker gangs that usually recruit members. According to Gabor (1994, p. 22), places, where crimes occur, are important and are owned by people or organizations that make decisions concerning the social and physical setting of that particular place. The police department at Kings Cross is in charge of the area and so should take charge and do away with the biker gangs to prevent crime in the area. Additionally, the community of Kings Cross, where the crime happened, should take the initiative of preventing crime in the area by reducing temptation. According to Eck Guerette (2012, p. 358), in some city streets, it is considered unwise to leave cars parked, as they are attractive to joyriders. The car that the five juvenile delinquents were driving was allegedly stolen according to the police reports, and so the community has to step in to prevent crime by reducing temptation. In conclusion, social prevention methods are effective in preventing crime in areas where the youth have detached from school and their culture. Social prevention methods intervene early and address the risk factors that would lead a person to commit a crime and as well helps the community to mobilize and create an integrated crime prevention strategy that would be used to prevent crime. Additionally, the social crime prevention methods help to solidify and unify communities while empowering the estranged youth, thus promoting social cohesion.

The History of Vending Machines

Vending or automatic retailing, as the process of selling merchandise via automated machine is increasingly known, has a long history. The first recorded example of the vending machine came from Greek mathematician Hero of Alexandria, who  invented a device that dispensed  holy water inside Egyptian temples.   Other early examples included small brass machines that dispensed tobacco, found in  taverns in England around  1615.  In 1822, English  publisher and bookshop owner Richard Carlile built a newspaper dispensing machine  that allowed patrons to purchase banned works. The first fully automatic vending machine, which  dispensed  stamps, appeared in  1867. Coin-Operated Machines During the early 1880s, the first commercial coin-operated vending machines were introduced in London, England. The machines were commonly found at railway stations and  post offices because they were convenient for purchasing  envelopes,  postcards, and  notepaper. In 1887, the first vending machine servicer, the  Sweetmeat Automatic Delivery Co., was founded.   The next year, the Thomas Adams Gum Co. introduced the first vending machines to the United States. They were installed on the elevated subway platforms in New York, New York, and sold Tutti-Fruiti gum. In 1897, the Pulver Manufacturing Co. added illustrated figures to its gum machines as an extra attraction. The round, candy-coated gumball and gumball vending machines were introduced in 1907. Coin-Operated Restaurants Soon, vending machines were offering almost everything, including cigars and stamps. In Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, a completely coin-operated restaurant called Horn Hardart opened in 1902 and lasted until 1962. Such fast-food restaurants, called automats, originally took only nickels and were popular among struggling  songwriters and  actors as well as celebrities of the era. Beverages and Cigarettes Machines dispensing drinks go as far back as 1890. The first beverage vending machine was in Paris, France, and allowed people to buy beer, wine, and liquor. In the early 1920s, vending machines started dispensing  sodas  into cups. Today, beverages are among the most popular items sold through vending machines. In 1926, American inventor William Rowe invented the cigarette vending machine. Over time, however, they became less common in the United States due to concerns over underage buyers. In other countries, vendors required that some sort of age verification, such as a drivers license, bank card, or ID, be inserted before a purchase could be made. Cigarette dispensing machines are still common in  Germany, Austria, Italy, the Czech Republic, and Japan.   Specialty Machines Food, beverages, and cigarettes are the most common items sold in vending machines, but the list of specialty items sold by this form of automation is almost endless, as a quick survey of any airport or bus terminal will tell you. The industry took a big jump around 2006 when credit card scanners became common on vending machines. Within 10 years, almost every new machine was equipped to accept credit cards, opening the door to the sale of many high-priced items. Specialty products that have been offered via vending machine include: Fish baitOnline internet timeLottery ticketsBooksElectronics, including iPads,  cell phones, digital cameras, and computers  Hot foods, such as french fries and pizzaLife insuranceCondoms and other contraceptivesOver-the-counter drugsMarijuanaAutomobiles Yes, you read that last item correctly:  In late 2016, Autobahn Motors in Singapore opened a luxury car vending machine offering Ferraris  and  Lamborghinis. Buyers clearly needed hefty limits on their credit cards. The Land of Vending Machines Japan has a reputation for having some of the most innovative uses of automated vending, providing machines that offer fresh fruits and vegetables, sake, hot foods, batteries, flowers, clothing and, of course, sushi. Japan has the highest per capita rate of vending machines in the world.   The Future The latest trend is smart vending machines, which offer services such as cashless payments; face, eye, or fingerprint recognition;  and social media connectivity. It is likely that vending machines of the future will recognize you and tailor their offerings to your interests and tastes. A beverage vending machine, for example, might recognize what you have purchased at other machines and ask you if you want your usual skim latte with a double shot of vanilla.   Market research projects that by 2020, 20% of all vending machines will be smart machines, with at least 3.6 million units knowing who you are and what you like.

Americas Foreign Policy Rise to Globalism by Stephen E....

Rise to Globalism is a fascinating summary of Americas foreign policy from World War II to the Gulf War. Stephen E. Ambrose, earned his history Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin and he is a very talented author. Rise to Globalism was published by Penguin Books Inc. in 1993 in New York. The book gives the readers an idea of why America and the rest of the world were communicating, ordered in consecutive order and by U.S. presidents. In this novel, Stephen E. Ambrose and Douglas G. Brinkley covered an extensive topic in a fairly short book. Ambrose and Brinkley discuss some topics more thoroughly than others. For example, the authors go into great depth about the wars in Vietnam and Korea, but slightly touches on some topics, like the†¦show more content†¦Which followed through to Ford’s Administration and the Carter Administration. As well as the illegal bombing of Cambodia. Carter gets harassed about his evidence of his failed foreign policy because of the Irani an Hostage crisis, which was not handled well, and the credit for the solution belonged to Reagan. After Egypt seized the Suez Canal, and with military assistance to protestors when Cuba became communist, American interfered with negotiation. America felt assured enough to use the military to help South Vietnam in the fight against both the North Vietnamese and the Vietcong, after the reasonable achievement in resolving a disaster in Cuba with the Soviet Union. This war became a war of terrible magnitudes and a mortifying incident in American history. In order to resolve struggles between Egypt, Syria and Israel, America became engaged with the Middle East, using negotiation and military materials The United States also tried to fix two problems by trying to resolve struggles with Libya, South Africa and Iran while simultaneously having problem with the Russians in the Cold War. Moreover, the pubic appear to not be affected by the Arms for Hostages Scandal while Reagan was president, which was a deal with the Iranian government to release prisoners once the voting was over. Next, there was the contribution of the Contras in Central America, and the following Iran-Contra Affair outrage which made Col. Oliver North famedShow MoreRelatedWorld War II to the Gulf War by Stephen E. Ambrose1667 Words   |  7 PagesRise to Globalism: American Foreign Policy Since 1938 is an alluring analysis of Americas outside approach of World War II to the Gulf War. The author, Stephen E. Ambrose, received a Ph.D. in history from the University of Wisconsin. He is known for his accomplished writing. He has written fifteen books on military history, foreign policy, and quite a few biographies on our own past United States presidents. Besides his career as an author, Ambrose has taught several history classes at various locationsRead MorePresident Truman Doctrine And Marshall Pla n3103 Words   |  13 Pagesvictorious from their civil war and the Soviet Union detonated its first atomic bomb, seemed to confirm to the United States that communism was expansive and aggressive. By 1950, the Cold War had become pervasive both at home and abroad. In foreign policy terms the United States had proclaimed itself as the only major protection against communist expansion. In five short years the world had transformed dramatically. Harry S. Truman quickly made his mark as President and quickly turned cold warriorRead MoreThe Unforgotten Historiography Of The Korean War3134 Words   |  13 Pagesvictorious from their civil war and the Soviet Union detonated its first atomic bomb, seemed to confirm to the United States that communism was expansive and aggressive. By 1950, the Cold War had become pervasive both at home and abroad. In foreign policy terms the United States had proclaimed itself as the only major protection against communist expansion. In five short years the world had transformed dramatically. Harry S. Truman quickly made his mark as President and quickly turned cold warrior

Touched by an Angel free essay sample

As I was watching Touched by anAngel one night, I thought about a fallen angel who once flipped me 180degrees. Four hours on a plane and five long hours of driving through themountains brought my family to Banff in Alberta, Canada. The overwhelming sceneryrendered me speechless. As soon as we arrived at the hotel, I plunged into thecold chlorinated water, and while swimming, wondered about the next five days inthe Rocky Mountains. I was excited about my dads idea of climbing those fabledpeaks that reached to the sky. After going over all our exciting plans, I headedback to the room. Then, there was that girl. It seemed as if an angel had fallento earth from heaven. Her beauty astonished me, but I could only pass byher. I just didnt picture myself with this majestic girl. As I walked by with asmile, she seemed distracted by my footsteps. Quickly she asked, Can youhelp me? Blissfully, I replied, Sure, what can I do foryou? I couldnt believe the girl even spoke to me. We will write a custom essay sample on Touched by an Angel or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page She, Cathy, needed me tofind her room. Regardless of my unfamiliarity with the hotels geography, Idecided to help her out. A few minutes of searching landed us there, and thisravishing girl thanked me from the bottom of her heart. The last thing I rememberseeing was a titanic door dividing and barring our paths. That night, twothings kept me from sleeping. The incident with the girl made me think aboutnothing but her. Her silky brown hair and beautiful blue eyes made me forget theplans with my family. She reminded me of a goddess from one of those mythologicalstories. The other thing that frenzied me was the colossal cacophony produced bymy father. His snoring ruined my mood. The next morning my family droveto a nearby attraction, the Hot Springs Pool. Being surrounded by good-looking,muscular body-builders intimidated me; the surfers seemed to have tired of Malibuand decided to show off their masculinity in Canada. While relaxing, I saw thegirl from the day before enter the pool area, accompanied by her grandparents. Iwas hesitant to get up, because I felt shy and was afraid she wouldnt recognizeme, but I couldnt resist her beauty. I walked toward her, afraid of sayingsomething doltish. I greeted her, and luckily she recognized my voice andintroduced me to her grandparents. Soon, my parents came over and Cathysgrandparents continued praising me in front of them. While they were chatting,Cathy and I walked to the other side of the pool where no one was visible. Nomatter what angle I looked at her from, she was gorgeous. For the next fewhours we talked about almost everything, from how her parents had passed away towhat she got for her birthday. Almost every story she told was sad. Once, she hadgone out jogging with her favorite dog. She hadnt noticed the fog and wasenjoying the time with her dog, but a few minutes later, he was run over by atruck. If it werent for her dog, she could have been killed. The hardest thingfor me was realizing she couldnt explore what nature was providing: all thosewhite sprinkles on the tops of mountains, the fluffy clouds that reminded one ofheaven. I abhorred the idea of Cathy not enjoying this, but she didnt seem tomind. I listened to her stories not because of her beauty, but herhonesty and candor. She also didnt seem to care about my race, never asking meoffensive questions, yet not hesitant to inquire about being Korean. Unlike othergirls, she enjoyed my company. Just as I listened to her stories with excitement,she listened to mine lame to me, in comparison with hers with greatpleasure. On the ride home, I realized I have not appreciated my greatopportunities and advantages. The support I receive from my parents, teachers andfriends I never thanked them for sharing their precious time with me. My egowanted more and I became selfish. Realizing that everyone in this world should betreated equally and deserves equal opportunities, I am eager to help people likeCathy. I feel as if I have been given a mission to value what I have, and becomean honest, diligent doctor who will find a way to cure Cathys blindness.

Korematsu V United States Essays - Japanese American Internment

Korematsu V United States U.S. Constitutional Survey Korematsu v. United States (1944) Korematsu v. United States (1944) actually began December 7, 1941 with the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. The attack on Pearl Harbor then began the conquering of Wake, Guam, Philippines, Malaya, Singapore, Dutch East Indies, New Guinea, Solomon Islands, and Burma. With the attack on Pearl Harbor, racism, which was hardly unfamiliar, became an even greater problem. The Japanese Government's attacks on Americans including; torturing, raping, and murdering was an excuse for Americans aversion towards the Japanese. Public officials began to lock up the Japanese people simply for their own good, for protection against the hate crimes. Economic interest also encouraged the racism against the Japanese. Tough Japanese work ethics made Japanese businesses competition for Americans. Interest groups and individuals demanded legislators take action against all Japanese. All persons of Japans ancestry, including American citizens of Japanese ancestry, called Nisei, were reported to concentration camps. In reading American Constitutional Interpretation, it states, General DeWitt explained, it was legitimate to put the Nisei behind barbed wire Page Two while allowing German and Italian aliens to remain free because a Jap is a Jap and World War II was a war of the white race against a yellow race. (pg., 89). In 1943 a student Gordon Hirabayashi disobeyed a report for evacuation and curfew. Hirabayashi v. United States (1943), was the first judicial test of the statute that was signed into law by Franklin Roosevelt to make it a crime to remain in a military zone, that was put to use towards an American citizen. Hirabayashi was convicted of both counts, evacuation and curfew, in Federal District Court. In the Court of Appeals he lost, and then received certiorari from the United States Supreme Court. Chief Justice Stone affirmed Hirabayashi's conviction on both counts, meaning Gordon Hirabayashi would have to serve the full sentence. Fred Korematsu also an American citizen of Japanese descent was convicted of not reporting to his concentration camp. His reason was that he was unwilling to leave his sweetheart, Endo. Fred Korematsu was arrested, convicted and also obtained a certiorari of the Supreme Court just like Gordon Hirabayashi. The Korematsu v. United States (1943), case was seen as a case of racism from General DeWitt, interest groups and particular members of the Supreme Court. Justice Black delivered the opinion of the court. Concerns pressing public necessity justified the existence of the legal restriction, which curtailed the civil rights of an American Citizen Page Three of Japanese descent, Fred Korematsu. Justice Black stated in American Constitutional Interpretation, In light of the principles we announced in Hirabayashi v. United States (1943), we are unable to conclude that it was beyond the war power of Congress and the Executive to exclude those of Japanese ancestry from the West Coast war are. (pgs.1383-1384). Also, as in Hirabayashi, it could not be without reason that there were disloyal members of the Japanese ancestry population. In summary, Justice Black confirms that Korematsu was not absolved from the military area because of hate towards him or against his race. Korematsu was absolved because the United States was at war with the Japanese Empire and there were proper security measures. Justice Frankfurter, also affirming the decision by stating the provisions of the Constitution, which discuss the President and Congressional power to wage war. The military order given to Korematsu is under the provision of the Constitution to wage war. Therefore, Korematsu is the business of the military and not for the decision of courts. Justices Robert, Murphy, and Jackson disagreed with this decision agreeing the decision was a violation of Constitutional rights. Justice Roberts believed that the military command given to Fred Koramatsu was a trap taken out on Fred Korematsu because of his Japanese background. There were two conflicting orders one to stay and one to go for the entire purpose to lock him up in a concentration camp. Page Four Justice Murphy dissented with obvious racial discrimination. Justice Murphy stated the military order sending Japanese, even American citizens to concentration camps went against the Fifth Amendment of equal protection. Justice Murphy's opinion is of pure racism, referring to the Commander General's final report on the vacating from the Pacific Coast area. The Commander General suggests that

My mom. Essays

My mom. Essays My mom. Essay My mom. Essay Because my mom has passed along so much of her wisdom to me, I will e better able to contribute to society than I would have been without her example. First, my mom is the hardest worker I know. She maintained a 4. 0 GAP in college. She took care of three children and an entire household before she was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, a disease that damages nerves. Despite the pain my mom is in, she does everything she can for her children. Depending on the day and the severity of her pain, she will do laundry, dishes, vacuuming, and even mopping, if she feels up to it. She amazes me daily with the load she puts on herself. She makes me e that if she can get up and do so much with the amount of pain she is in, that I can do more than I think I can. Second, my mom is the kindest person I have ever met. She would help anyone in a time of peril. Whether that person needed a meal, a bed for a night, someone to listen to their problems, or even a shoulder to cry on, she would help as much in her power as she possibly could. Before the onset of her M. S. , when my brother and I were in elementary school, she would volunteer. In kindergarten she would read aloud to the class. In T-l?a grade between kindergarten and first grade for children ho are not mature enough for the next step- she would help with the reading tests. All through my brother and my elementary school she would help recycle aluminum cans. With this contribution to society, she has made me see that helping others makes a big difference in who you are as a person and your outlook on life. Third my mom is the smartest person I have ever met, academically and common sense wise. She maintained a 4. 0 GAP in college. Whenever I have a problem with school work she helps me however she can. Whether she proofreads my papers or works algebra robbers she always tries to help me. Sometimes she does not remember how to do answers we were looking for, if not we Google it. I have long admired her smarts and I am very proud to be able to call her my mom. I have always admired my moms gumption. She knows what is right and wrong, and has taught me how to tell the difference between them as well. She taught me when I was little to never accept candy from strangers. She also taught me when I became a teenager to never accept a drink from someone I did not trust. She taught me that a good attitude is the best way to make it through life. Almost everything I have learned thus far has been from her incredible attitude and outlook on life. She has truly been the one to make the impact on me that having gumption, initiative, and a good outlook on life will get you almost anywhere you want to go in life. My mom is the most incredible woman in my life. She is positive, smart, a hard worker, brave, and always dreams big. I think that these are some of the most commendable qualities that anyone can have. She has made me want to contribute to society, be a better person, and always take the high road. She is the person who as made me the person that I am today. I will always be in debt to her. I could have turned out much differently, but thanks to her infinite wisdom, guiding me throughout the stages of life, I am a good person. She has always reminded me of a saying from the Bible, Love suffers long and is kind; love does not envy; love does not parade itself, is not puffed up; does not behave rudely, does not seek its own, is not provoked, thinks no evil; does not rejoice in iniquity, but rejoices in the truth; bears all things, believes all things, hopes all things, endures all things. Love never fails (1 cord. 13. 4-AAA)

Motivation Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Motivation Analysis - Essay Example Google expects its employees to be determined and innovative. With a casual environment in Googolplex, the organization expects employees to deliver its best and work effectively. Google Inc was founded in the year 1998 by Sergey Brin and Larry Page, which focuses on delivering the best search experience on WWW, the World Wide Web. Google with its technology and series of innovation helps its users to find information about any possible thing that the users search for with accuracy, ease and relevancy. Google offers search in multi language and offers new products and services such as advertising and web application. The products and services offered by Google include services such as Google Ad words editor which is a desktop application which is used to handle accounts of Google ad words. Google chrome a web browser and can be run in Windows XP, Vista, 7, Linux, Gun and OS X. Google Desktop, Google earth, Gmail, Google Picasa, Google photo screen saver, Google sketch, Google calendar, Google maps and others (Google-a, n.d). Google founder Sergey Brin and Larry Page had bought Google into life in 1998 and since then the company has grown immensely and today it has about 20,000 employees worldwide and its management team which represents the most experienced professionals (Google-b, n.d). The observable components of Google’s motivational strategy and methods that influences the effort and quality of work of employees are compensation which includes pay, bonuses, raises, company expenses accounts and other incentives. Google has been regarded as the best company by employees to work for and this because Google tends to offers all the compensation to its employees. Google provides a decent pay package for its employees and as per reports Google has increased salary by 10% and $1000 cash bonus as a part of its competitive compensation plan (Dorian, 2011). Google has come up with new incentives to reward employees who perform outstandingly. The award to be